Colonial Involvement:
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The British colonial administration initially left education in the hands of missionaries.
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As economic and administrative needs grew, the government became more involved, especially after the 1882 Education Ordinance.
Key Colonial Policies:
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Grants-in-aid – Financial support to mission schools.
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Inspection and Supervision – Ensure standards in missionary schools.
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Emphasis on Literacy and Clerical Training – To produce low-level administrators for the colonial government.
Impact of Colonial Policies:
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Education became more structured and standardized.
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Created class divisions between literates (civil servants) and non-literates (farmers/laborers).
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Western education was concentrated in urban/coastal areas.
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Indigenous knowledge and Islamic education were sidelined.
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Curriculum focused on obedience, loyalty to the crown, and non-critical thinking.